博物馆文物介绍应如何翻译及分析

周风虢韵——虢国历史文化陈列

The culture and History of the Guo State

第一部分 虢旗猎猎

The first part Guo’s flag fluttering in the wind

第一单元 胙土命氏 封邦建国——分封、疆域、五虢播迁

The first unit

Zuo Tu Ming Shi Feng Bang Jian Guo

(zuo tu ming shi was a patriarchal clan system that observed the lineal primogeniture system in ancient china.

feng bang jian guo means that emperor divided his terriots to other brothers except his capital of kingdom.)

﹉﹉enfeoffment、territory、migration of five families named Guo

陈展器物说明牌内容

The content of illustration plate of artifacts on display

虢仲铜盨

Bronze XU with characters ‘Guo Zhong’(XU, a bronze vessel used for holding food)

西周（公元前1046-前771年）

Western ZHOU dynasty (1046BC -771BC)

1990年虢国墓地M2009虢仲墓出土

In 1990, it was unearthed at the tomb of Guo zhong M2009 of Guo state tombs.

该盨器、盖均有3行14字的铭文，是虢仲为其妻所做器物，反映了虢国与妃姓苏国的联姻关系。据学者研究，苏国的地望在今河南焦作温县一带。

The XU and its cover all have epigraphs with three lines of 14 chacracters. This was Bronze XU Guo zhong made for his wife, and it reflected themarriage relationship between Guo State and Su State. According to scholars, the location of Su State is Wen county, Jiaozuo, Henan area.

铭释：虢仲作虢妃宝盨，子子孙孙永宝用。

The inscription explains that Guo zhong made a XU for his wife, and the generations can use it forever.

兽叔铜盨

Bronze XU with characters ‘Shou shu’

西周（公元前1046-前771年）

Western ZHOU dynasty (1046BC -771BC)

1990年虢国墓地M2006孟姞墓出土

it was unearthed at the tomb of Meng ji M2006 of Guo state tombs in 1990.

该盨器、盖均有铭文4行33字，是兽国贵族为其出嫁虢国的女儿所做器物，反映了虢国与姞姓兽国的联姻关系。据学者研究，此兽国地望可能在今山东单县境内。

The XU and its cover all have epigraphs with four lines of 33 characters.

Shou State nobles made their daughters who married Guo State Bronze XU, which reflected the marriage relationship between Guo State and Shou State. According to scholars, the location of Shou State is in Shan county, Shandong province.

铭释：兽叔奂父作孟姞旅盨，用盛稻穛糯梁，嘉宾用享，有饲则万年无疆，子子孙孙永宝用

The inscription explains that Shou shu (beast uncle,a nickname)Huan fu made his daughter who named Meng ji a XU, it was used to holding cereals, such as rice, millet, dlutinous, and the honored guests can enjoy it.

If offsprings can use bronze XU for holding food, it will be used for a long time.

虢姜铜盘

Bronze plate with characters ‘Guo jing’

西周（公元前1046-前771年）

Western ZHOU dynasty (1046BC -771BC)

2008年山西省临汾市公安局打私移交

In 2008, Linfen police station in Shanxi province discovered Bronze plate when combating smuggling, and then turned over the relevant departments.

盘是古人“沃盥之礼”的承水器。西周早中期，盘与盉相配使用；西周晚期以后，盘多与匜配套使用。该盘上有铭文2行8字，是虢姜自作用器。

The plate was used for water container when ancient people have hand washing etiquette. People used plate and He (pitcher)together in the early and middle Western Zhou dynasty, but after the late Western Zhou dynasty, people used plate and Yi(water container)together

This plate has epigraphs with 2 lines of 8 characters, and it was Guojiang made and used it for himself.

铭释：虢姜作旅盘永宝用

The inscription explains that Guojiang made this plate and it can use forever.

翻译分析

在题目进行翻译时，胙土命氏，封邦建国由于是中国历史上特有的制度，如果采用英文翻译，篇幅很长~信息冗杂，不符合博物馆文物翻译简洁有效的表达，所以采用中文拼音翻译，后附带有英文解释。

在查找博物馆文物翻译时，英语与汉语的命名方式不同, 英语讲究严谨的语法结构和语序。汉语的文物名称通常把定语修饰词并列放置在前面, 关键词在最后。而英语习惯将重点放在前面, 修饰词放在后面。经查资料发现文物名称的英译可以套用“形制+质地+[拼音名称 (斜体) ]+英文名称+纹饰/铭文/彩绘/其他特征”这一结构进行翻译

所以在进行虢仲铜盨等文物名称翻译时，遵循这一原则，质地加拼音名称，后面附上拼音的英文解释.

在进行其他内容翻译时，翻译成英文，自行补充上主语，简单易懂。

翻译采用多归化的方法，以通俗的句子来传达出有效的信息，例如，有饲则万年无疆，子子孙孙永宝用。按照中文理解，如果一直使用，子子孙孙可以用很久，所以英文中翻译为If offsprings can use bronze XU for holding food, it will be used for a long time.

还有第三个文物是在2008年打私移交中发现的。但是文中只给时间地点，成分不全，所以采用归化，重新归纳总结，认为应该是2008年临汾市公安局在打私过程中发现文物，并将文物移交给相关部门。据此理解翻译为In 2008, Linfen police station in Shanxi province discovered Bronze plate when combating smuggling, and then turned over the relevant departments.

在本篇文物翻译中所用的词语都非常通俗易懂, 且篇幅较短, 可以对国外观众, 尤其对自助游客的参观起到一定的辅助作用

以上仅限于个人见解，不足之处，望雅正~